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Month: June 2019

Published on Leave a comment on Term of the Week: Separation of Duties

What is it?

A strategy that helps reduce fraud and error by assigning two or more parts of a transaction to separate individuals. For example, the same person should not be able to enter an invoice then approve payment.

Why is it important?

Separation of duties (SoD) (also known as segregation of duties) prevents the same person from performing two or more parts of a transaction that would be susceptible to error or fraud if performed by one person. Fraud perpetrated through the lack of internal controls can lead to the loss of money, reputation, and market share as well as risking fines from regulators and, perhaps ultimately, shutdown of the organization.

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Published on Leave a comment on Term of the Week: Availability

What is it?

An assurance that information can be requested by and delivered to authorized individuals whenever required.

Why is it important?

Availability is part of the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) security triad. Even if information is kept confidential and has integrity, it still must be available so that authorized individuals can access the information in a reasonable period of time.

Why does a business professional need to know this?

A business professional needs to understand availability because it constitutes one leg of the confidentiality, integrity, availability (CIA) security triad, which is the foundation of secure information in cybersecurity.

Your efforts to secure your systems and data mean nothing if that data is not available to authorized users (individuals or other systems). Availability can be compromised by malicious individuals or by accident in many ways, including the following:

  • Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, which attempt to slow down or crash systems by flooding a system with requests from many different systems
  • Malicious software that either crashes or slows down a system
  • System slow downs or crashes caused by malicious insiders or human error
  • Unexpectedly high volume of legitimate requests (e.g., a popular item goes on sale)

To help ensure availability, organizations need to plan for peak usage, for example by using load balancing and fail-over strategies. They also need to follow best practices for creating a strong cybersecurity defense. These include vulnerability assessments, business continuity planning, and incident response planning.

While these practices are not inexpensive, consider the loss in sales and productivity if your systems and data were to become unavailable for an extended period of time.

About Michael Moorman

Photo of Michael Moorman

Michael Moorman has been a full-time faculty member at Saint Leo University for 27 years, teaching computer information systems, computer science, and cybersecurity courses. He is a member of the IEEE Computer Society, a senior member of the ACM, and a Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP). Prior to earning his doctorate and becoming a professor, he served in the US Air Force as a pilot and engineer.

Term: Availability

Email: Michael.Moorman@saintleo.edu

Published on Leave a comment on Term of the Week: Integrity

What is it?

An assurance that information remains unaltered from its intended state as it is produced, transmitted, stored, and received. Ensuring integrity may include ensuring the non-repudiation and authenticity of information as well.

Why is it important?

Integrity is considered by many to be the most important element of the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) security triad. Any system that is otherwise available and confidential can still be rendered useless if a user cannot be confident that the information it contains is trustworthy, accurate, and complete.

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Published on Leave a comment on Term of the Week: Confidentiality

What is it?

The safeguarding of data from unauthorized access or disclosure.

Why is it important?

Confidentiality is part of the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) security triad. In the CIA security model, the objective of confidentiality is to prevent the disclosure of information to unauthorized entities.

...continue reading "Term of the Week: Confidentiality"